You may be thinking, "Seismic, seismic damping, seismic isolation, which is the best way to protect my house from earthquakes?" You may be thinking, "What is the best way to protect my house from earthquakes?
Three typical technologies employed to protect buildings against earthquakes are seismic resistance, vibration control, and base isolation. All are designed to protect buildings from the shaking caused by earthquakes. However, there are significant differences in their mechanisms and effects.
This article explains the differences between these three types of structures, seismic resistance, seismic damping, and seismic isolation, in an easy-to-understand manner with illustrations.
Difference between "seismic resistance," "seismic control," and "seismic isolation
[Seismic] Buildings."Toughen up" to "withstand" the shaking.design
Earthquake-resistant construction is the most basic method of preventing building deformation by strengthening columns and walls to prevent collapse and collapse from earthquake shaking. It is obligated by the current Building Standard Law and is adequate in terms of protecting human life.
However, in the event of a severe earthquake (earthquake class), the building itself will be severely damaged. As a result, the building may need to be demolished or may become uninhabitable. This is because the earthquake-resistant structure does not absorb the shaking and the entire building takes it on.
In the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake of 1995, there were many cases in which buildings built under the old standards (new earthquake-proof design method, enforced in 1981) escaped collapse, but were severely damaged and demolished. This experience led to the introduction of vibration control technologies such as seismic damping and base isolation, which prevent damage to buildings in addition to earthquake resistance, and the new earthquake resistance standard was enacted in 2000.
Seismic Response Control (Vibration Suppression): Technology to "absorb" shaking with a device.
Seismic dampers and other devices installed in buildings absorb earthquake shaking and subdue it quickly.
Earthquake-resistant structure is shakenIn contrast, seismic damping "absorbs" the shaking. This prevents the amplification of building shaking and reduces damage to the building even in the event of a severe earthquake. Therefore, in addition to protecting human life, it also prevents damage and maintains functionality.It is also effective for
Seismic dampers are used as a measure against earthquakes, and mass dampers (theater missile defenseand ... andAMD) are generally employed as a countermeasure against wind sway and other daily vibrations. Compared to seismic isolation structures, another major feature of this type of structure is that it can be added to existing earthquake-resistant structures at a relatively low cost.
Seismic Isolation] The highest peak measure to "block" shaking with a device.
quake-absorbing structureis between the building and the ground.laminated rubberand other devices are installed to prevent earthquake shaking fromLess likely to be transmitted to the buildingThis is how to do it.
While seismic resistance and vibration control "withstand" or "absorb" shaking,base isolationis the shaking."Cut off at the root."The seismic isolation layer is then placed in the upper portion of the building. This significantly reduces sway transmitted from the seismic isolation layer to the upper portion, and is so highly effective that it even prevents furniture from toppling over.
lifesavingof course,damage preventionand ... andfunctional maintenanceIn terms of performance, it can achieve the highest performance of the three construction methods. However, it requires a large device at the foundation,at the time of constructionThe basic idea is to introduce aCost is also highIt is common for the
References
Easily Understand Building Vibration Control, ed. by Architectural Institute of Japan